Faktor Penggunaan Screen Time Anak Usia Prasekolah di Wilayah Urban dan Rural: A Systematic Review

Najwa Aufa Musyaffa; Sri Hendrawati; Indra Maulana

doi:10.32524/jksp.v8i1.1463

Authors

Najwa Aufa Musyaffa Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Sri Hendrawati Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Indra Maulana Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32524/jksp.v8i1.1463

Keywords:

Preschool children, Screen time, Urban-rural

Abstract

Screen time usage, defined as the time spent passively watching screen-based entertainment using electronic devices among preschool-aged children in Indonesia, has been increasing according to findings from the 2023 National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas). Screen time usage is regulated by the World Health Organization (WHO) to a maximum of one hour per day. Differences in characteristics between urban and rural areas contribute to screen time usage among children. The objective of this systematic review is to explore the factors influencing screen time usage among preschool-aged children in urban and rural areas based on previously published research. Articles were collected over a one-month period using the PRISMA guidelines. The article search utilized databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOHost, and Scopus with inclusion criteria limited to articles published within the last five years (2020–2025), pure research articles, full-text articles, and articles in English. A total of five articles met the criteria and were analyzed in this systematic review. The results showed no significant difference in screen time usage between urban and rural areas. However, four factors were identified: access to open spaces, daily physical activity, parental screen device usage habits, and access to digital devices. In conclusion, screen time usage among preschool children in urban and rural areas is influenced by various factors.

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