Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Unit Pelayanan Terpadu Puskesmas Wondiboi

Abstract

Anemia in pregnant women remains a public health problem that increases the risk of pregnancy complications, childbirth disorders, and impaired fetal growth. Knowledge, dietary patterns, and socioeconomic status are considered important factors influencing the occurrence of anemia during pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the simultaneous and partial relationships between maternal knowledge, dietary patterns, and socioeconomic status with the incidence of anemia among pregnant women at the Integrated Service Unit of Wondiboi Community Health Center in 2025. This research employed a quantitative design using an analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 40 pregnant women who visited the health center in 2025, and all were included using total sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires and hemoglobin (Hb) measurements with an Hb meter. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that 32.5% of respondents experienced anemia. There were significant relationships between maternal knowledge (p=0.003; OR=13.062), dietary patterns (p=0.013; OR=12.923), and socioeconomic status (p=0.006; OR=17.455) and the incidence of anemia among pregnant women. In conclusion, low knowledge, poor dietary patterns, and low socioeconomic status significantly increase the risk of anemia in pregnancy. Strengthening health education, improving balanced nutrition intake, and enhancing access to health services are essential to reduce anemia incidence among pregnant women.