Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Masyarakat terhadap Peraturan Daerah Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Lingkungan Puskesmas Bestari Medan

Abstrak

Smoking is a major risk factor for various chronic diseases, with the prevalence of adult smokers in Indonesia reaching around 34.5% or more than 70 million people. Although the Smoke-Free Area (KTR) policy has been implemented, violations are still found, including at the Bestari Community Health Center in Medan, which in 2025 still recorded 243 smokers out of 1,026 screening participants. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach carried out in the Bestari Community Health Center working area in Medan City from July 2025 to February 2026. The study population was 278 smoker visitors who participated in smoking behavior screening, with a sample size of 75 respondents determined through purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. The results showed that knowledge (p = 0.000), attitudes (p = 0.000), sanctions (p = 0.000), supporting facilities (p = 0.000), and support from health workers (p = 0.000). The results of the multivariate analysis indicate that sanctions are the most dominant variable influencing community compliance with the implementation of the Smoke-Free Area Bylaw at the Bestari Community Health Center in Medan (p=0.000). This study indicates that knowledge, community attitudes, availability of supporting facilities, support from health workers, and sanctions significantly influence community compliance with the Smoke-Free Area Bylaw. It is recommended that the Medan City government strengthen guidance and supervision of the implementation of the Smoke-Free Area Bylaw in health care facilities, particularly community health centers.